"Natural" labelled pet food The term "natural" on a pet food label is often used to suggest that the food contains ingredients that are closer to their original, unprocessed form, and that it does not contain artificial additives, colors, or preservatives. However, it's important to note that the term "natural" is not strictly defined by any regulatory body in the same way that terms like "organic" or "grain-free" are. This can make it somewhat vague and open to interpretation by different pet food manufacturers. What "Natural" Generally Means: In general, when a pet food is labeled as "natural," it may mean: • No Artificial Additives: The food doesn't contain artificial colours, flavours, or preservatives. This includes ingredients like artificial dyes, synthetic antioxidants (like BHA or BHT), or other artificial chemicals that may be used to enhance the appearance or shelf life of the product. • Whole or Minimal Processing: The ingredients are more likely to be closer to their natural state, with minimal processing or alteration. This could mean whole meats, vegetables, and grains, as opposed to highly refined or heavily processed ingredients. • No Artificial Ingredients: Natural pet foods usually avoid added synthetic nutrients like artificial vitamins and minerals that aren't derived from natural sources. What "Natural" Does Not Mean: While "natural" is meant to imply certain qualities, it's not a guarantee of: • High Quality: "Natural" doesn't automatically mean that the ingredients are of the highest quality. For example, it may still contain low-quality meat by-products or fillers that are considered "natural," even though they are not ideal for your pet’s nutrition. • Human-Grade Ingredients: Pet food labeled "natural" may still contain ingredients that are not suitable for human consumption. For example, rendered meat meal or other lower-grade animal products. • Complete Nutrition: While the food may not contain artificial additives, it could still lack the balance of nutrients necessary for your pet’s health. Natural foods can vary widely in terms of how well they meet your pet’s nutritional needs. Regulatory Standards: The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), which helps regulate pet food labelling in the U.S., does not have a specific definition for "natural" on pet food labels. AAFCO requires that pet foods meet basic nutritional standards, but the term "natural" itself is a marketing claim that is self-regulated by manufacturers, so it’s essential to consider other labels and product details when evaluating food. How to Evaluate "Natural" Pet Foods: When shopping for natural pet food, here are some tips to help you make a more informed decision: • Check the Ingredients List: Look for whole, recognisable foods like real meat (chicken, turkey, beef), vegetables (carrots, peas, sweet potatoes), and grains (rice, oats) that are minimally processed. • Look for Certification: If you want a more defined standard, you might want to look for certifications such as “Certified Organic” (which has stricter standards) or "USDA Organic" to ensure the food is not only natural but also free from pesticides and synthetic chemicals. • Look for "No Artificial Additives": Ensure the food is free from artificial preservatives, colors, or flavors. If you're concerned about the presence of preservatives, look for ingredients like vitamin E (mixed tocopherols) or vitamin C as natural preservatives, which are typically safer. • Check the Nutritional Adequacy Statement: Even natural foods must meet AAFCO's basic nutritional standards. A food label should include a statement that the product is "complete and balanced" for your pet's life stage (puppy, adult, senior, etc.). Summary: While "natural" on a pet food label indicates that the food is free from artificial ingredients and may contain more minimally processed, whole-food ingredients, it doesn't necessarily mean the food is of the highest quality, balanced, or the most nutritionally complete for your pet. Always evaluate the specific ingredients, the overall quality of the food, and whether it meets your pet’s individual health needs. If in doubt, consult with your veterinarian for recommendations that best support your pet's health.

Healthy Pet Treats Giving your pet healthy treats can be a great way to reward them, provide enrichment, or supplement their diet, as long as the treats are nutritious and appropriate for their specific needs. Here's a list of healthy options for both dogs and cats, along with a few guidelines on portion sizes and safety. Healthy Treats for Dogs: 1. Fresh Vegetables • Carrot Sticks: Low-calorie, crunchy, and rich in beta-carotene, which is good for eyesight. • Green Beans: A great source of fibre and low in calories. Dogs usually enjoy them as a crunchy snack. • Cucumber Slices: Very hydrating and low-calorie, making them perfect for dogs watching their weight. • Sweet Potato: A fantastic source of fibre and vitamins like A and C. You can give small, cooked chunks or dehydrated slices. • Broccoli or Cauliflower: High in fibre and vitamins. Keep portions small as they can cause some dogs mild digestive upset if overfed. 2. Fruits • Blueberries: Packed with antioxidants, fibre, and vitamin C. Most dogs love them, and they're a great low-calorie treat. • Apple Slices (without seeds): A source of vitamins A and C, and a crunchy texture most dogs enjoy. • Watermelon (without seeds or rind): Hydrating and low-calorie, making it perfect for hot days. • Banana Slices: Rich in potassium and fibre, but high in sugar, so offer in moderation. • Strawberries: Full of antioxidants, vitamins, and fibre. Just be sure to remove the leaves. 3. Lean Proteins • Chicken or Turkey Breast (cooked, no bones or skin): A low-fat, protein-rich option that's easy to digest. You can dehydrate it for a chewy treat. • Salmon (cooked, no bones): Rich in omega-3 fatty acids for skin and coat health. Can be given as small, cooked pieces. • Beef or Lamb (lean cuts, cooked): Provide high-quality protein. Avoid fatty cuts and make sure to remove any bones. • Eggs (cooked): Scrambled or hard-boiled eggs provide protein and other nutrients like omega-3s, but should be given in moderation. 4. Commercial Healthy Dog Treats Look for: • Limited-ingredient treats made with whole foods and no fillers, artificial colours, or preservatives. • Dental chews: These can help keep your dog’s teeth clean and healthy. Make sure they are safe for your dog’s size and age. • Natural chews: Such as bully sticks or antlers (but always supervise, as some chews can break into small pieces and pose choking hazards). 5. Homemade Dog Treats You can make your own treats at home with healthy ingredients like: • Oatmeal and peanut butter (be sure to use unsweetened, xylitol-free peanut butter). • Pumpkin puree (great for digestive health) mixed with oats or whole wheat flour to make biscuits. • Frozen treats: Freeze mashed bananas with peanut butter or Greek yogurt in ice cube trays for a cool, refreshing snack. Healthy Treats for Cats: 1. Fresh Meat or Fish • Chicken or Turkey (cooked, no seasoning or bones): Cats love chicken, and it's a great source of lean protein. Serve in small, bite-sized pieces. • Salmon or Tuna (in water, no added salt or oil): A tasty and omega-3 rich treat, but don't overfeed tuna as it can lead to mercury buildup. • Liver (beef, chicken, or turkey): Rich in vitamins, but should be given sparingly due to its high vitamin A content, which can be toxic in large amounts. 2. Freeze-Dried Meat Treats Many commercial freeze-dried meat treats (such as chicken, turkey, or fish) are excellent for cats. These are minimally processed and retain most of the nutrients. 3. Catnip and Cat Grass • Catnip: Many cats go wild for catnip! It's safe in moderation and can provide mental stimulation. • Cat Grass (wheatgrass or oat grass): Cats enjoy nibbling on fresh grass, which can aid in digestion and prevent hairballs. 4. Commercial Cat Treats Choose healthy, natural options like: • Limited-ingredient treats made with high-quality proteins. • Dental treats to help reduce tartar and plaque. • Soft treats made with real meat and no artificial additives. 5. Small Bits of Cooked Veggies Some cats enjoy small amounts of cooked veggies like: • Carrots: Lightly steamed or cooked carrots are safe and may help with digestion. • Pumpkin: Great for digestive health (but make sure it’s plain, cooked pumpkin, not pie filling with added sugar). Guidelines for Healthy Treats: • Moderation is Key: Treats should make up no more than 10% of your pet's daily calorie intake. Overfeeding treats, even healthy ones, can lead to weight gain. • Watch for Food Sensitivities: Some pets may have allergies or intolerances to certain ingredients (e.g., grains, dairy, or specific meats). Always monitor for any signs of digestive upset or skin irritation. • Avoid Toxic Foods: Certain human foods can be toxic to pets, including chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, avocado, and xylitol (a sugar substitute). Make sure treats are pet-safe. • Hydration: If your pet loves crunchy treats, be mindful that they may not hydrate enough on their own. Offer fresh water regularly. Final Thoughts: Healthy treats can enrich your pet’s life and improve their overall well-being when given in appropriate portions. Fresh, natural options like fruits, veggies, and lean proteins are excellent choices. If you're ever unsure about a particular treat or food item, it’s always best to check with your veterinarian to ensure it’s safe for your specific pet.

Senior Dog A dog is typically considered senior or geriatric depending on its size, breed, and individual health factors. Here's a general guideline to help determine when a dog enters its senior years: 1. Small and Medium-Sized Dogs • Small Breeds (under 20 lbs): These dogs tend to live longer than larger breeds. They are usually considered senior around 10–12 years old. • Medium Breeds (20–50 lbs): These dogs typically reach senior status at around 8–10 years old. 2. Large and Giant Breeds • Large Breeds (50–100 lbs): Large dogs tend to age faster and may be considered seniors starting around 6–8 years old. • Giant Breeds (over 100 lbs): Giant breeds, like Great Danes or Mastiffs, have a shorter lifespan, so they may be considered senior by 5–6 years old. Other Factors to Consider: • Health and Activity Levels: Some dogs may show signs of aging earlier than expected, such as decreased energy, mobility issues, or changes in behaviour. Regular vet check-ups can help determine if your dog is starting to age earlier. • Breed Characteristics: Some breeds are more prone to age-related issues like joint problems or heart disease, which can impact when they’re considered senior. For example, larger breeds like Labrador Retrievers might show signs of aging sooner due to the stress on their joints. Signs of Senior or Geriatric Age in Dogs: • Slower Mobility: Senior dogs may become less active, may have trouble jumping, climbing stairs, or getting up. • Behavioural Changes: They might become more anxious, disoriented, or sleep more than usual. • Health Issues: Conditions like arthritis, dental disease, hearing or vision loss, and weight gain/loss become more common. • Changes in Coat or Skin: Older dogs may have a thinner coat or develop gray hair, particularly around the muzzle. When to Transition to Senior Food: Most dogs are switched to a senior diet at around 7–10 years old, depending on their size, breed, and health needs. Senior food formulations often have fewer calories, more fibre, and additional nutrients to support aging joints, heart, and digestive health. In summary, the age at which a dog is considered senior or geriatric varies, but it’s generally around 7 years for medium to large dogs and earlier for giant breeds. Small dogs tend to age slower and may not be considered senior until around 10–12 years old. Regular veterinary care and monitoring for age-related changes are key to ensuring your dog stays healthy during their senior years.

Pet Supplements Whether senior dogs should take supplements depends on their specific health needs and lifestyle. As dogs age, they may experience changes in metabolism, joint health, and other areas that could benefit from supplementation. However, not all senior dogs need supplements, and it's always best to consult your veterinarian before introducing them. Here's a breakdown of common supplements that may benefit older dogs: 1. Joint Health Supplements As dogs age, they are more likely to develop joint issues like arthritis or hip dysplasia. Supplements that support joint health can be beneficial for these conditions. • Glucosamine and Chondroitin: These are common in joint support supplements and may help with cartilage repair and reduce inflammation in the joints. • Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Fish Oil): These help reduce inflammation, improve mobility, and support overall joint function. • MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane): Often included with glucosamine, MSM can help reduce joint pain and stiffness. 2. Cognitive Function Supplements Senior dogs may experience a decline in cognitive function, similar to dementia in humans. Supplements that support brain health can help maintain cognitive function. • Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Beta-Carotene): These can help fight oxidative stress and inflammation that contribute to cognitive decline. • Phosphatidylserine: This compound supports brain cell communication and may improve memory and mental clarity. • Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs): Found in coconut oil and other sources, MCTs can be used by the brain for energy and may support cognitive function. 3. Digestive Health Supplements Older dogs can experience changes in digestion, such as slower gut motility or decreased enzyme production. Digestive health supplements can aid in nutrient absorption. • Probiotics: These beneficial bacteria help balance the gut microbiome, promoting better digestion and immune function. • Digestive Enzymes: Supplementing with enzymes can help break down food more efficiently, especially in dogs with pancreatitis or other digestive issues. 4. Immune System Support Senior dogs may have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections and illnesses. Supplements that support immune function can be beneficial. • Vitamin C and E: Both vitamins have antioxidant properties that can strengthen the immune system. • Colostrum: Rich in antibodies, colostrum may help boost the immune system in older dogs. 5. Coat and Skin Health As dogs age, their skin and coat can become drier and more prone to irritation. Supplements for skin and coat health can help maintain a shiny, healthy coat. • Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids: Fish oil or flaxseed oil can improve coat quality and reduce skin inflammation. • Biotin: A B-vitamin that supports skin health and promotes hair growth. 6. Heart Health Older dogs are at a higher risk for heart disease, and certain supplements may support heart function. • Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10): This antioxidant is involved in energy production in cells and can support heart function. • Taurine and L-carnitine: Amino acids that are beneficial for heart health, especially in breeds predisposed to heart disease. 7. Weight Management Supplements As dogs age, they may become less active, and weight management can become a concern. Supplements to promote healthy weight can support senior dogs. • L-carnitine: Often included in weight management supplements, L-carnitine helps with fat metabolism and can support muscle mass maintenance. • Fibre: Fibre supplements can promote satiety and help prevent obesity by regulating digestion and supporting weight loss. Important Considerations: 1. Consult Your Veterinarian: Supplements should be tailored to your dog’s specific health needs. Your vet can help determine if any of these supplements are appropriate and monitor for potential interactions with other medications. 2. Balanced Diet First: A well-balanced senior dog food should provide most of the nutrients your dog needs. Supplements are typically used to address specific health concerns, not as a substitute for a healthy diet. 3. Quality Control: Choose high-quality, veterinary-recommended supplements. The supplement industry isn’t as tightly regulated as food, so the quality and potency of products can vary. In summary, many senior dogs can benefit from certain supplements, but they should only be added if needed and under the guidance of a veterinarian. Thunder and Storm takes a multi-vitamins supplement daily. You can check out here!

Transition from puppy to adult food The timing of switching from puppy food to adult food depends on several factors, such as your puppy's breed, size, and individual growth rate. Here’s a general guide: 1. Age Guidelines by Size/Breed: • Small Breeds (under 20 lbs as adults): Typically, small breed puppies mature faster than larger ones. You can switch them to adult food around 9–12 months of age. • Medium Breeds (20–50 lbs as adults): For medium-sized dogs, the transition usually happens around 12 months. • Large Breeds (50–100 lbs as adults): Large breed puppies grow more slowly, so you may want to keep them on puppy food until 12–18 months to support their bones and joints. • Giant Breeds (over 100 lbs as adults): Very large dogs, like Great Danes and Mastiffs, may require puppy food for 18–24 months, as their growth is slower and they have different nutritional needs to support their skeletal development. 2. Weight and Growth Considerations: • Watch Their Growth: You can also make the switch when your puppy has reached about 80% of their adult size. For most dogs, this typically aligns with the general age guidelines above, but growth rates can vary. • Puppy Food Characteristics: Puppy food is formulated to support rapid growth, and it tends to have higher protein, fat, and calories. Switching too early could potentially lead to obesity or developmental issues in some dogs, especially large breed dogs. 3. Signs It’s Time to Transition: • Slower Growth Rate: When you notice your puppy has slowed down in terms of weight gain and height, and is getting closer to their adult size, that’s a good sign they may be ready for adult food. • Less Activity or Appetite: Puppies on puppy food may have higher energy levels and a stronger appetite. When these behaviours start to level out, it may signal that they no longer need the higher energy density of puppy food. 4. How to Transition: • When switching from puppy to adult food, it’s important to do it gradually to avoid digestive upset. Here's a typical schedule: • Day 1–3: Mix 25% adult food with 75% puppy food. • Day 4–6: Mix 50% adult food with 50% puppy food. • Day 7–9: Mix 75% adult food with 25% puppy food. • Day 10: Transition completely to adult food. This gradual process helps your puppy's digestive system adjust without causing diarrhoea or stomach issues. Final Notes: • Consult Your Vet: If you're unsure about when to switch, your vet can help you determine the right time based on your puppy’s growth, weight, and health. • Look for Adult Food for Their Size: Make sure the adult food is appropriate for your puppy’s breed size (small, medium, large) to ensure it meets their nutritional needs after growth. Switching at the right time is important for ensuring your puppy continues to get the nutrients they need without risking overfeeding or underfeeding.

Dog Bone Feeding your puppy raw meat, often part of the "raw feeding" or "BARF" (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food) diet, is a topic with varying opinions in the pet care community. While some pet owners and veterinarians advocate for raw diets, others caution against it due to potential risks. Here are some things to consider: Potential Benefits: 1. Improved Coat and Skin: Some people report shinier coats and healthier skin in pets on raw diets. 2. Better Digestion: Raw diets can be easier for some dogs to digest, particularly if they have food sensitivities to processed kibble. 3. Enhanced Energy: Some dogs show improved energy levels on a raw food diet. Potential Risks: 1. Bacterial Contamination: Raw meat, especially poultry, can carry harmful bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli, which could make both your puppy and you sick. Puppies, with their developing immune systems, are particularly vulnerable. 2. Nutritional Imbalance: Preparing a raw diet that meets your puppy’s nutritional needs (including the right balance of protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals) can be challenging. A poorly balanced diet can lead to deficiencies or health problems. 3. Bone Hazards: Raw bones can be a choking hazard or cause digestive issues, like blockages or punctures. It's crucial to avoid cooked bones, as they can splinter easily. 4. Parasites: Raw meat can contain parasites that might affect your puppy’s health. 5. Food Safety: Handling raw meat requires strict hygiene practices to avoid cross-contamination in your kitchen, especially if you have other pets or children. Important Considerations: • Consult Your Veterinarian: Before switching to a raw diet, it’s essential to consult with your vet, especially one familiar with raw feeding. They can help you determine if this type of diet is suitable for your puppy and guide you on how to balance it correctly. • Start Slowly: If you decide to go ahead with raw feeding, introduce new foods slowly to avoid digestive upset. • Quality of Meat: Always use high-quality, human-grade meat from a reputable source to minimise the risks of contaminants. In short, while raw feeding can be an option for some puppies, it requires careful planning to ensure it’s safe and nutritionally balanced. If you’re concerned about the potential risks, there are also well-formulated raw food brands that handle the safety and balance of the diet for you, and they might be a good middle ground. There are some reputable local stores selling BARF / PMR Raw diet where you can check them out! Thunder and Storm are on a BARF Raw Diet from Pawff